UNRWA: 1M Displaced from Rafah in Gaza

The United Nations agency for Palestinian refugees (UNRWA) reported that over one million people have been displaced from Rafah in southern Gaza since Israel began its military operation last month. Reuters reported this significant development on June 14, 2024, highlighting the escalating crisis.

www.reuters.com reported, This mass exodus has profoundly exacerbated an already dire humanitarian situation across the Gaza Strip. The Guardian noted the sheer scale of the displacement, with countless families forced to flee their temporary shelters.

Israel initiated its military operation in Rafah in early May, stating its objective was to dismantle remaining Hamas battalions in the area. The Associated Press detailed the start of the offensive, including the seizure of the critical Rafah border crossing.

www.reuters.com noted, The displacement has left hundreds of thousands without adequate shelter, food, or medical care, pushing them into overcrowded and unsanitary conditions. UN OCHA has consistently highlighted the critical shortages and deteriorating living standards in displacement zones.

Aid agencies are struggling immensely to provide essential services amidst ongoing hostilities, access restrictions, and insecurity. Doctors Without Borders (MSF) has repeatedly warned about the collapse of healthcare infrastructure and the inability to reach those most in need.

www.reuters.com reported, International bodies had previously warned against a full-scale Rafah operation due to the potential for catastrophic civilian harm. The UN Secretary-General had issued strong cautions, according to BBC News, emphasizing the humanitarian risks.

Many displaced individuals are now concentrated in makeshift camps in areas like Al-Mawasi, facing renewed uncertainty and extreme hardship. CNN reported on the dire conditions, including lack of clean water and sanitation, in these overcrowded locations.

• Background Context: Rafah's Former Role
  Before the recent offensive, Rafah had become a last refuge for over 1.4 million displaced Palestinians, many having fled multiple times from other parts of Gaza. The New York Times reported that the city was considered a "safe zone," making its invasion particularly devastating for those seeking shelter. Its border crossing with Egypt was also a vital conduit for humanitarian aid.

• Timeline of the Military Operation
  Israel commenced its ground incursions into eastern Rafah in early May 2024, swiftly gaining control of the Rafah crossing. This initial phase was followed by expanded operations into central and western areas of the city, despite widespread international condemnation. Al Jazeera provided a detailed timeline of these military advancements and their immediate impact.

• Exacerbation of the Humanitarian Crisis
  The forced displacement has pushed people into areas like Al-Mawasi, which lack basic infrastructure, clean water, and sanitation facilities. The World Health Organization (WHO) has warned of a looming public health catastrophe due to overcrowding, poor hygiene, and limited access to healthcare, as reported in their official statements.

• Severe Aid Delivery Challenges
  The closure of the Rafah crossing and persistent restrictions on access through other entry points, such as Kerem Shalom, have severely hampered the flow of humanitarian aid. UN officials told reporters that the volume of assistance entering Gaza remains critically low, exacerbating widespread food insecurity and acute medical supply shortages across the Strip.

• International Reactions and Concerns
  Numerous international bodies, including the United Nations, the European Union, and various human rights organizations, have condemned the Rafah operation and its humanitarian consequences. Amnesty International has called for an immediate and sustained ceasefire, alongside unimpeded humanitarian access, citing potential violations of international law.

• Disproportionate Impact on Vulnerable Populations
  Children, women, and the elderly are disproportionately affected by the displacement, facing heightened risks of malnutrition, disease, and severe psychological trauma. UNICEF has highlighted the profound impact on children, noting that many are experiencing multiple displacements and profound distress, with their education and well-being severely compromised.

• Future Developments and Diplomatic Efforts
  Ongoing efforts for a ceasefire and hostage release continue, but the Rafah operation has significantly complicated diplomatic negotiations. Diplomatic sources indicated to Reuters that the sustained military actions have created substantial obstacles to achieving a lasting truce agreement and ensuring the safe return of hostages.

• Long-term Economic and Social Implications
  The widespread destruction and mass displacement in Rafah further devastate Gaza's already crippled economy and social fabric. The UN Development Programme (UNDP) has projected that the conflict could set back human development progress in Gaza by decades, severely impacting livelihoods, infrastructure, and long-term recovery prospects for the entire population.